Just what are they?
According to wikipedia, perceptual art is drawing which affects the viewer psychologically. To put it into simple terms, perceptual art engages the viewer in a multi-sensory manner through stimulation as he/she tries to interpret the meaning of the art to them.
The meaning of the art varies from individual to individual, and because of this, it stimulates the mind and senses of the observer to figure out what the art means to them.
An example take the art style of Optical art or also known as 'Op art'. The art below is an example:
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| Briget Riley, Movement in Squares (1961) |
The opt art above creates a number of different impressions to viewers depending on the individual.
Personally, the image gives me the perception that the squares are turning very slowly. Another time however, the image makes me feel disoriented or as if I'm gazing into infinite space.
Therefore, perceptual art is perceived very differently among people, as it causes different sensory stimulation to different people and through subsequent observations.
Conceptual art on the other hand, are intended to make the observer think, as characterized by the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosopy (SEP). Stimuli is almost immediate among individuals upon observing perceptual art, but individuals will need to ponder conceptual art to understand it's true meaning.
The following picture is an example of Conceptual Art:
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| Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs (1965) |
Many intepretations have been on the internet trying to describe the meaning of the picture. Here's one from wikipedia:
"A viewer may ask "what's real here?" and answer that "the definition is real"; Without a definition, one would never know what an actual chair is."
The above is only one of the few interpretations of this particular painting. So, we can say that conceptual art makes the observer to make sense of the picture, in their own words and ways.
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